Full course vaccines provide super immunity against COVID 19, confirms research

Full course vaccines provide super immunity against COVID 19, confirms research

According to researchers at Oregon Health & Science University, people get super immunity levels by following a full course of COVID-19 vaccines. People who get COVID-19 despite getting vaccinated will also be benefitted by developing "super immunity" for further coronavirus infections. This is very high and exceptionally effective," lead researcher Dr. Fikadu Tafesse said of his findings, which were published in the Journal of the American Medical Association on Thursday. He further said that "You receive a very high level of protection."

Tafesse's research comes nearly two years into the pandemic, as health experts and international leaders struggle to respond to the virus's most recent version i.e. the quickly spreading omicron. Tafesse's study did not include the new variant, but he believes the same findings would apply to it as well. After the delta variant and poor vaccination rates dashed hopes of an end to the epidemic this summer, health experts and the general public have been concerned about new subsequent waves of coronavirus variants.

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However preliminary research indicates that omicron can easily avoid vaccinated people's immune systems and can still spread faster than the delta form. According to one of Tafesse's project partners, the OHSU research suggests a possible "end game" for the pandemic." It hints to where we're likely to arrive," said Dr. Marcel Curlin, associate professor of medicine and research co-author. "Once you've been vaccinated and then exposed to the virus, you should be reasonably well protected from future variants."Even when immunity is diminishing, the immune system's antibody manufacturers, or "memory B cells," remain ready to produce the necessary antibodies within days after a fresh virus encounter, according to Curlin. Still, it's unclear what specific, practical consequences the study gives, whether for the 2.7 million Oregonians who have been properly vaccinated or the 48,000 who were infected anyway.

Tafesse (Assistant professor of molecular microbiology and immunology at OHSU), analyzed immune system responses in blood samples to get his research done. He collected samples from 52 completely vaccinated OHSU employees, 26 of whom had breakthrough infections. Tafesse's lab exposed blood samples from participants to live samples of five coronavirus types, including delta and assessed the volume and effectiveness of the antibodies produced in response. They discovered a consistent pattern: antibodies in the blood of people who had a breakthrough infection were up to 1,000% more potent than antibodies produced by people who had simply been vaccinated. Antibodies are an important line of defense for the immune system against any infection. The first viral infection, or vaccination dosage, trains the immune system on how to recognize the virus. When another virus is exposed or infected, antibodies designed specifically for that virus seek out, bind to, and neutralize the virus. "Our findings imply that people who have been vaccinated and subsequently are exposed to a breakthrough infection have exceptional immunity," Tafesse said.

Not only did those with illnesses have more antibodies in their blood, but those antibodies were also more flexible. They correctly identified distinct variants as variants of the same, underlying pathogen and behaved accordingly. Tafesse believes antibodies would detect omicron and elicit a similarly powerful response because the reaction and pattern were so strong. Tafesse is now attempting to answer if booster doses provide the same level of protection as breakthrough infections. He stated that he wants to have the results of his continuing research into that question available by mid-January.

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Pfizer-BioNTech reported last week that when exposed to the omicron variant, blood from persons who received three doses of their vaccine produced 25 times more antibodies than blood from people who received two doses. Tafesse called it a "very, very significant" question because he wants to advise the public to get booster shots. Even though he anticipates the two to be equivalent, breakthrough infections may provide more protection. Vaccines only target certain parts of the virus, which means that if those parts mutate, a vaccinated immune system may not detect the altered strain as the coronavirus.

Meanwhile, a breakthrough infection can train the immune system to recognize the coronavirus based on considerably more characteristics. "There is some benefit to being exposed to the entire virus," he says, though he expects it to be "small." One clear takeaway from Tafesse's research is that patients must have their initial vaccination course to develop a foundation of immunity. "You must get the vaccine to have this immunological response," Tafesse explained.

According to Tafesse's colleague, Curlin, antibodies in persons who had a breakthrough case are far more effective than antibodies in those who weren't fully vaccinated when they were sick. And the study is by no means an endorsement for vaccinated people to obtain COVID-19. While most breakthrough infections are modest, they can nevertheless cause significant disease and death. Approximately 2,100 Oregonians have been hospitalized with breakthrough COVID-19 infections, with 580 deaths. The average age of those who died was 81. "We're not encouraging people to get sick," he stated.

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